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Back up a single database consistently as gzip

harmlessMySQL and MariaDBalle
Adjust the values, the command updates live
user@server
mysqldump --single-transaction --quick -u dbuser -p wp_example | gzip > /var/www/vhosts/example.com/wp_example.sql.gz

Creates an SQL dump of one database and compresses it on the fly. For InnoDB tables, --single-transaction ensures a consistent snapshot without blocking writes, and --quick reads row by row to save memory. The password is prompted interactively.

Note: For MyISAM tables, --single-transaction does not guarantee consistency. Stored procedures and events are only included with --routines and --events.

Also searched as

  • backup mysql database
  • export mysql database to file
  • mysqldump single database gzip

Related one-liners

All in MySQL and MariaDB

Back up all databases into one gzipped file

#mysqldump --single-transaction --quick --all-databases --routines --events | gzip > /root/all-databases.sql.gz
harmlessMySQL and MariaDB

Back up each database into its own gzipped file

#for db in $(mysql -NBe 'SHOW DATABASES' | grep -Ev '^(information_schema|performance_schema|sys)$'); do mysqldump --single-transaction --quick "$db" | gzip > "/root/db-backup/$db.sql.gz"; done
harmlessMySQL and MariaDB

Analyze the slow query log for the slowest queries

#mysqldumpslow -s t -t 10 /var/log/mysql/mariadb-slow.log
harmlessMySQL and MariaDB

Check all MySQL tables for errors

#mysqlcheck --all-databases --check --silent
harmlessMySQL and MariaDB

Compare max connections with the peak so far

#mysql -e "SHOW GLOBAL STATUS LIKE 'Max_used_connections'; SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE 'max_connections';"
harmlessMySQL and MariaDB

Create a MySQL database with its own user

#mysql -e "CREATE DATABASE wp_example CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci; CREATE USER 'wp_example_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'SecurePassword'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON wp_example.* TO 'wp_example_user'@'localhost';"
cautionMySQL and MariaDB

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The commands on myline.de act directly on servers, files and databases. A wrong path or placeholder can delete data irreversibly or make a server unreachable.

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