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Run a command with low CPU and IO priority

harmlessProcessesdebian, ubuntu
Adjust the values, the command updates live
user@server
nice -n 19 ionice -c 3 du -sh /var/www/vhosts

nice -n 19 gives the command the lowest CPU priority, and ionice -c 3 puts its disk access into the idle class. This lets backups, compression or large find runs proceed without websites slowing down noticeably. In return, the command takes correspondingly longer under load.

Note: IO priority only takes effect with the BFQ or CFQ schedulers. On NVMe systems with the none scheduler, ionice has little effect; check with cat /sys/block/*/queue/scheduler.

Also searched as

  • run backup without slowing down the server
  • run command with low priority
  • combine nice and ionice
  • tar running and websites get slow

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Lower the priority of a running process

#renice -n 19 -p 1234 && ionice -c 3 -p 1234
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Back up a single database consistently as gzip

$mysqldump --single-transaction --quick -u dbuser -p wp_example | gzip > /var/www/vhosts/example.com/wp_example.sql.gz
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#plesk bin pleskbackup --domains-name example.com --output-file=/root/backup-example.com.tar
cautionPlesk

Back up all databases into one gzipped file

#mysqldump --single-transaction --quick --all-databases --routines --events | gzip > /root/all-databases.sql.gz
harmlessMySQL and MariaDB

Back up each database into its own gzipped file

#for db in $(mysql -NBe 'SHOW DATABASES' | grep -Ev '^(information_schema|performance_schema|sys)$'); do mysqldump --single-transaction --quick "$db" | gzip > "/root/db-backup/$db.sql.gz"; done
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